NgokweSikhungo Se-PPP Somnyango Wezezimali (chofoza ngezansi kwaleli khasi ukuze ufunde umbhalo wokuqala ukuze uthole umbhalo ogcwele), “Umbiko Wezobuchwepheshe Ngobambiswano Lomphakathi Nezimboni Ezizimele Lokuthuthukisa Intuthuko Esimeme” olwahlelwa yiQembu Elisebenzayo le-BRICS ku-PPP kanye Ingqalasizinda ivunywe Isikhungo Sesibili Sezezimali ngo-2022. Yagunyazwa uMhlangano Wongqongqoshe Bezezimali be-BRICS kanye Nababusi Bamabhange Amaphakathi eMhlanganweni We-14 Wabaholi Be-BRICS.
1. Incazelo Yephrojekthi
Incazelo Yomklamo I-Yuanmou County itholakala endaweni esigodini esomile, eyaziwa ngokuthi "indlu yokushisa yemvelo".Ingenye yezisekelo zokukhiqiza zokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo zomnotho ezishisayo nemifino ekuqaleni kobusika.Inkinga yamanzi inkulu.
Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi, isidingo samanzi sokunisela sonyaka esifundeni sasiyizigidi ezingu-92.279 m³, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kwakuyizigidi ezingu-66.382 kuphela m³, kanti izinga lokushoda kwamanzi lalingu-28.06%.Isifunda sinendawo engu-429,400 mu yomhlaba wokulima, futhi indawo yokunisela esebenzayo ingama-236,900 mu.Izinga lokuntuleka kokunisela liphezulu njengoba lifinyelela ku-44.83%.Ukuqaliswa kwale phrojekthi kuzohlanganisa indawo eyi-114,000 mu yepulazi, kuthuthukise ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi, kuxazulule izithiyo ekuthuthukisweni kwezolimo okubangelwa ukushoda kwamanzi eYuanmou County, kuguqule indlela yokusebenzisa imithombo yamanzi engapheli, futhi kushintshe. indlela yendabuko yokuchelela ngezikhukhula okuhlosiwe Ngakho-ke, ukuchelela okusezingeni eliphezulu okonga amanzi kungafinyelelwa, futhi isimo “sokonga amanzi kukahulumeni, ukukhushulwa kweholo labalimi, kanye nenzuzo yebhizinisi” kungafinyelelwa.
Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwenqubomgomo yombuso yokukhuthaza izimali zomphakathi ukuba zibambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwemiklamo emikhulu yokonga amanzi, le phrojekthi iqalwa ngemodeli ye-PPP (I-akhawunti Yomphakathi Ye-WeChat: Ithiyori Yenqubomgomo Yokutshalwa Kwamanzi).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imali engenayo yezimali kahulumeni Wesifunda sase-Yuanmou isezingeni eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi imodeli ye-PPP yenza ngempumelelo ukuntuleka kwezimali zokwakha ingqalasizinda.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphrojekthi okonga amanzi azwela kakhulu emalini etshaliwe, futhi ukuqaliswa nokuphathwa kwawo kunokungaqiniseki okukhulu, okudinga ulwazi oluphakeme lochwepheshe kanye nezinga lokuphatha lokwakhiwa kwendawo yokonga amanzi.Imodeli ye-PPP isebenzisa izinzuzo zezimali zomphakathi ekwakhiweni, ekwakheni nasekuphatheni., lawula futhi wonge ukutshalwa kwezimali kwephrojekthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo sokuphakelwa kwamanzi endaweni yephrojekthi siphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kuqinisekisiwe ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi, kanye nemibandela yokuqaliswa kwezinguquko eziphelele zentengo yamanzi kwezolimo, osekubeke isisekelo sokuqalisa ukusebenza. yemodeli ye-PPP.Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi, ukuphakelwa kwamanzi ngonyaka kuzoba izigidi ezingama-44.822 m³, ukonga amanzi ngonyaka kuzoba izigidi ezingama-21.58 m³, futhi izinga lokonga amanzi lizoba ngu-48.6%.
Imiphumela yale phrojekthi ihlanganisa:
(1) Imisebenzi emibili yokudonsa amanzi.
(2) Iphrojekthi yokulethwa kwamanzi: 32.33km wamapayipi amakhulu okuletha amanzi kanye namapayipi amakhulu angama-46 okuletha amanzi azokwakhiwa, ubude bepayipi bube ngu-156.58km.
(3) Iphrojekthi yokusabalalisa amanzi, yakha amapayipi amakhulu okusabalalisa amanzi angama-801 ngamapayipi ubude obungama-266.2km;amapayipi egatsha okusabalalisa amanzi angu-1901 anobude bepayipi elingu-345.33km;faka 4933 DN50 smart water metres.
(4) Ubunjiniyela bezindawo, ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi asizayo angama-4753 ubude obungu-241.73km.Amabhande okunisela angu-65.56m, amapayipi okunisela angu-3.33 million nama-drip ayizigidi eziyi-1.2.
(5) Uhlelo lolwazi lokonga amanzi olusebenza kahle kakhulu lwakhiwe izingxenye ezine: uhlelo lokuqapha ukudluliswa kwamanzi nokusabalalisa inethiwekhi enkulu, uhlelo lokuqapha ulwazi lwezezulu kanye nomswakama, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokubonisa ukonga amanzi okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokwakhiwa. yesikhungo sokulawula isistimu yolwazi.
2. Amaphuzu avelele okuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi
(1) Uhulumeni kufanele aguqule uhlelo kanye nezindlela zokususa izithiyo zokubamba iqhaza komnotho wezenhlalakahle
Uhulumeni usesungule izindlela eziyisi-6.UHulumeni Wesifunda SaseYuanmou uyixazulule ngempumelelo inkinga yokuheha inhlalakahle yomphakathi ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokongiwa kwamanzi emapulazini ngokusungulwa kwezindlela eziyisithupha: ukusatshalaliswa kwamalungelo amanzi, ukwakhiwa kwentengo yamanzi, izisusa zokonga amanzi, ukwethulwa kwezimali zomphakathi, ukubamba iqhaza kwabantu abaningi, ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi. kanye nokuphathwa kwezinkontileka, kanye nokutholwa kwezinsiza zokongiwa kwamanzi emapulazini.Izinjongo ezilindelekile zezinguquko, ezifana nokwenza ngcono, ukusebenza kahle kwamaphrojekthi, isiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sokuphakelwa kwamanzi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngokushesha kanye nokwenyuka okuqhubekayo kwemali etholwa abalimi, sekusungule imodeli entsha yokuthi imali yenhlalakahle ibambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni, ekusebenzeni nasekulawuleni izindawo zokonga amanzi epulazini.
Ukuphathwa kwamanzi okusha.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe izithakazelo zabantu bendawo, ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuphakelwa kwamanzi emiseleni, ngokunikezwa kwamalungelo amanzi kanye nendlela yokwakhiwa kwenani lamanzi, kancane kancane kwamukelwa isiqondiso samanani ukuze sinikeze umdlalo ogcwele ukuze kube lula, ukusebenza kahle kanye nezici zokonga. amapayipi amanzi, aqondise izindlela ezintsha zokunisela, futhi ekugcineni azuze imithombo yamanzi.ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo wokonga amanzi.I-Yuanmou County ifakwe ohlwini njengesifunda sokuhlola izinguquko zentengo yamanzi yezolimo kazwelonke.Ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kwalo msebenzi kukhuthaze ukusungulwa kwendlela yokulawulwa kwamanzi kanye nemodeli yokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi.
(2) Imali yezenhlalakahle isebenzisa izinzuzo zayo zobuchwepheshe ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuhlakaniphile kokunisela kwezolimo
Yakha uhlelo lokunisela “inethiwekhi yamanzi” epulazini.(I-akhawunti Yomphakathi ye-WeChat: Ithiyori Yenqubomgomo Yokutshalwa Kwamanzi) Ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi yokuthatha amanzi echibini, iphrojekthi yokulethwa kwamanzi ukusuka edamini ukuya epayipini elikhulu elihambisa amanzi kanye nepayipi elikhulu elihambisa amanzi, okuhlanganisa iphrojekthi yokusabalalisa amanzi yepayipi elikhulu legatsha. , ipayipi legatsha lokusabalalisa amanzi kanye nepayipi elisizayo, elifakwe izinsiza zokulinganisa ezihlakaniphile, izindawo zokuchelela nge-drip, njll, ukwakha uhlelo "lwenethiwekhi yamanzi" oluhlanganisa indawo yephrojekthi kusukela emthonjeni wamanzi kuya ensimini, ukuhlanganisa "isingeniso, ukuthutha, ukusatshalaliswa , nokunisela”.
Sungula "inethiwekhi yokuphatha" yedijithali nehlakaniphile "nenethiwekhi yesevisi".Le phrojekthi ifaka imishini yokulawula ukuchelela kwamanzi esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nemishini yokuxhumana engenantambo, ihlanganisa izinto zokulawula njengamamitha amanzi ahlakaniphile, amavalvu kagesi, izinhlelo zokuphakela amandla kagesi, izinzwa ezingenazintambo kanye nokuxhumana okungenantambo, futhi iqaphe umswakama womhlabathi nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ukuze kusetshenziswe amanzi ezitshalo, umanyolo. ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa., ukusebenza kokuphepha kwamapayipi kanye nolunye ulwazi kudluliselwa esikhungweni solwazi, isikhungo solwazi silawula ukushintshwa kwevalve kagesi ngokwenani elibekiwe, impendulo ye-alamu, nemiphumela yokuhlaziya idatha, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo idlulisela ulwazi kumakhalekhukhwini. ukuphela, umsebenzisi angasebenza ukude.
3. Ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwephrojekthi
Le phrojekthi ithatha ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokunisela ezinkulu njengezokuphatha, ithatha ukusungulwa kwesistimu kanye nemishini njengento eqhubayo, futhi yethula ngesibindi imali yezenhlalakahle ukuze ibambe iqhaza ekufakeni, ekwakheni, ekusebenzeni nasekulawuleni ukongiwa kwamanzi epulazini, kanye ifinyelela inhloso yokuwina-win yawo wonke amaqembu.
(1) Imiphumela yezenhlalo
Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje bezolimo ukushintsha indlela yokutshala yendabuko:
Le phrojekthi isishintshe indlela evamile yokutshala kwezolimo, edla amanzi, edla isikhathi futhi edinga abasebenzi.Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-drip tube, izinga lokusebenzisa amanzi liphezulu njenge-95%, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okumaphakathi kwe-mu ngayinye kuyehliswa kusuka ku-600-800m³ wokunisela ngezikhukhula kuya ku-180-240m³;
Isibalo sabasebenzi bezokuphatha imu ngayinye yokufaka izitshalo sehlisiwe sisuka ku-20 siye ku-6, okunciphisa umsebenzi wabalimi ukukhulula amanzi futhi konga umsebenzi wokunisela;
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi okuchelela ngamaconsi ukuvundisa nokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane kuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokusetshenziswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane, ezingahle zonga ama-30% kamanyolo wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezivamile zokufakwa;
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi okuphakelwa kwamanzi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umthombo wamanzi uqinisekisiwe, futhi abalimi abadingi ukutshala ezindaweni zokunisela kanye nemishini ngokwabo, okunciphisa kakhulu ukutshalwa kwezimali kokukhiqiza.(I-akhawunti Yomphakathi ye-WeChat: Ithiyori Yenqubomgomo Yokutshalwa Kwamanzi)
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokunisela ngezikhukhula, ukuchelela ngamaconsi konga amanzi, umanyolo, isikhathi nomsebenzi.Izinga lokunyuka kwesivuno sezolimo ngu-26.6% kanti izinga lokunyuka kwesivuno li-17.4%.Khuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo zendabuko kwezolimo zesimanje.
Ukunciphisa ukushoda kwemithombo yamanzi futhi kukhuthaze intuthuko esimeme yezenhlalakahle nezomnotho:
Le phrojekthi yamukela indlela “yokuphakelwa kwamanzi ngamapayipi, ukuthathwa kwekhadi lesikweletu” kanye “nokugcwalisa kuqala, bese kudedelwa amanzi”, okwashintsha inkambiso “yokwakha kabusha kanye nepayipi elikhanyayo” endaweni yokongiwa kwamanzi emapulazini.Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwamanzi okunisela kunyuswe kusuka ku-0.42 kuya ku-0.9, konga amanzi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-21.58 m³ njalo ngonyaka..
Ukuqwashisa komphakathi ngokongiwa kwamanzi kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, ukusebenza ngendlela eqhubekayo nenempilo kwemiklamo yokunisela sekufezekile, ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa kwemithombo yamanzi kuncishisiwe, futhi kugqugquzelwe ukuzwana nokuzinza emphakathini.
Ukwehliswa kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezolimo kungakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ezimbonini nokunye ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wezimboni wesifunda kanye neminye iminotho yezimboni.
Thuthukisa ukuphromotha nokusebenzisa isipiliyoni esihle sephrojekthi kwezinye izifunda:
Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi, i-Dayu Water Saving Group Co., Ltd. izophinde ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kanye nemodeli yokuphatha kwezinye izindawo, njengeSifundazwe saseXiangyun eYunnan (indawo eniselwe ngenkasa engu-50,000 mu), County Midu (indawo eniselwe 49,000 mu), i-Mile County (indawo eniselwayo ye-50,000 mu), i-Yongsheng County (indawo enikelwe nge-16,000 mu), i-Xinjiang Shaya County (indawo eniselwayo ye-153,500 mu), i-Gansu Wushan County (indawo eniselwayo engu-41,600 mu), i-Hebei County indawo eniselwayo engu-82,000 mu), njll.
(2) Imiphumela yezomnotho
Ukwandisa imali engenayo yabantu futhi kwandiswe imisebenzi yasendaweni:
Izindleko zamanzi nge-mu ngayinye zingancishiswa zisuka ku-1,258 yuan zangempela ziye ku-350 yuan, futhi imali engenayo emaphakathi nge-mu izokhuphuka ngamayuan angaphezu kuka-5,000;
Inkampani yephrojekthi inabasebenzi abangama-32, okuhlanganisa nabasebenzi bendawo abangama-Yuanmou abangama-25 nabasebenzi besifazane abayi-6.Ukusebenza kwalolu hlelo ikakhulukazi kwenziwa ngabantu bendawo.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi inkampani ingakwazi ukubuyisa izindleko eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweyisi-7, ngesilinganiso sonyaka sokubuyisela esingu-7.95%.
Imifelandawonye yabalimi inesivuno esincane esingu-4.95%.
Ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni futhi kukhuthaze ukuvuselelwa kwezindawo zasemakhaya:
Ukuqaliswa kwale phrojekthi kunciphisa izindleko zamanzi nge-mu ngayinye zisuka ku-RMB 1,258 ziye ku-RMB 350, okudala izimo ezivumayo zokuphathwa kwezolimo ngokujulile.
Abalimi bendawo noma amakomiti amadolobhana adlulisela umhlaba wabo ezinkampanini zokutshala ngokwawo, kusukela ezitshalweni zokudla zendabuko kuya kumango, ama-longans, amagilebhisi, amawolintshi nezinye izithelo ezongayo ezinenani eliphezulu lezomnotho, futhi athuthukise imifino eluhlaza, esezingeni eliphezulu futhi esezingeni eliphezulu esebenza kahle kakhulu. imboni Base, yakha ipaki yesayensi yezithelo ezishisayo nobuchwepheshe, yandise imali engenayo emaphakathi engaphezu kuka-5,000 yuan mumu ngayinye, futhi ihlole indlela yokuthuthukiswa okudidiyelwe "yokuqeda ubumpofu bezimboni + ukuqeda ubumpofu kwamasiko + ukuqeda ubumpofu kwezokuvakasha".
Abalimi bathole ukukhula kwemali engenayo okuzinzile nokuqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa imigudu eminingi njengokutshala, ukudluliswa komhlaba, ukuqashwa okuseduze, kanye nokuvakasha kwamasiko.
(3) Imiphumela yemvelo
Yehlisa ukungcoliswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane futhi uthuthukise indawo ezungezile:
Ngokuqapha okusebenzayo nokulungiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi, imvelo kanye nomhlabathi, le phrojekthi ingakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okugcwele komanyolo wasemapulazini nezibulala-zinambuzane, inciphise ukulahlekelwa kukamanyolo wasensimini nezibulala-zinambuzane ngamanzi, inciphise ukungcoliswa komthombo ongeyona iphuzu, ikhuthaze amamodeli okukhiqiza ezolimo aluhlaza, kanye nokuthuthukisa imvelo yemvelo.
Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo sekwenze amaphrojekthi okonga amanzi endaweni yephrojekthi ahleleke kakhudlwana, ngokunisela nokukhipha amanzi ngendlela efanele, amasimu ahlanzekile, futhi alungele ukulima ngemishini.Uhlelo lwezitshalo zokwenziwa ze-agro-ecological kanye nohlelo lwesimo sezulu lusiza ekulawuleni nasekuthuthukiseni i-microclimate yasensimini endaweni eniselwayo, kanye nokunciphisa usongo lwezinhlekelele zemvelo ezifana nesomiso, ukugcwala kwamanzi nesithwathwa emkhiqizweni wezolimo ngokombono wemvelo.
Ekugcineni qaphela ukuthuthukiswa okunengqondo nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo, uqinisekise umbuthano omuhle we-ecology, futhi adale izimo zokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezindawo zokunisela.
(4) Ukuphathwa kobungozi bezezimali kanye nezindleko ezingaba khona
Ngonyaka wezi-2015, uhulumeni waseShayina wakhipha “Iziqondiso Zokuboniswa Kokufinyeleleka Kwezimali Kokubambisana Komphakathi Nezizimele”, ezibeka ukuthi umthwalo wemfanelo wezindleko zezimali zawo wonke amaphrojekthi we-PPP kahulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga udinga ukuhlelwa kusukela kusabelomali, kanye nengxenye. yezindleko zesabelomali somphakathi jikelele ezingeni elihambisanayo akufanele zibe ngaphezu kwe-10%.
Ngokwalesi sidingo, inkundla yolwazi oluphelele ye-PPP isungule uhlelo lokuqapha ku-inthanethi kanye nesexwayiso kusenesikhathi ukuze ukwazi ukukhokhela izimali, oluqapha ngokugcwele umthwalo wezindleko zezezimali wephrojekthi ngayinye ye-PPP yedolobha ngalinye kanye nohulumeni wesifunda kanye nengxenye yayo yezindleko zesabelomali somphakathi jikelele izinga elifanayo.Ngokunjalo, iphrojekthi ngayinye entsha ye-PPP kufanele ibonise ukukwazi ukukhokhela ngokwezimali futhi igunyazwe nguhulumeni ezingeni elifanayo.
Le phrojekthi iphrojekthi ekhokhelwa umsebenzisi.Phakathi kuka-2016-2037, izindleko eziphelele okufanele zisetshenziswe nguhulumeni ziyizigidi ezingu-42.09 zamayuan (okuhlanganisa: 25 million yuan evela kuhulumeni ukuze kusekelwe izikhungo ngo-2018-2022; 17.09 million izindleko ze-yuan ezivela kuhulumeni ngo-2017-2037 wezindleko eziqhubekayo. kuphela uma kwenzeka ingozi ehambisanayo.) Izindleko zonyaka zawo wonke amaphrojekthi we-PPP kahulumeni ezingeni elifanayo aweqi u-10% wesabelomali esivamile somphakathi ezingeni elifanayo, futhi ingxenye ephakeme kakhulu yenzeke ngo-2018, 0.35%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-03-2022
